1. At a Glance
Welcome to the electric circus calledSJVN Ltd, where waterfalls meet spreadsheets and every megawatt has a mood swing. The stock’s sitting at ₹83.1 — which, let’s be honest, feels like the stock price of a PSU trying to convince investors that it’s a “green energy pioneer” while still collecting hydro rent. With amarket cap of ₹32,657 crore,P/E of 58.6, andROE of 5.81%, it’s basically that overachieving cousin who talks about sustainability but still borrows your car.
InQ2FY26, sales clocked in at₹1,032 crore, barely budging QoQ (+0.6%), but profit took a hydropower dive —down 30.2%to ₹308 crore. Theoperating profit margin (OPM)remains an impressive~83%, showing that water still pays. But here’s the twist:Debthas ballooned to ₹27,025 crore (that’s up nearly4xsince FY22). It’s raining loans, hallelujah.
Despite the leverage,SJVN just got its Navratna badge in August 2024, and they’re celebrating by announcing a₹1,000 crore securitisation, aCFO appointment, and of course, aproject dispute— because what’s a PSU without a good boardroom cliffhanger?
So buckle up. Betweenhydro, solar, wind, thermal, and transmission, this company’s portfolio looks like a buffet at an energy conference — everything’s on the table, but the dessert (profit growth) still hasn’t arrived.
2. Introduction – The Hydro King Who Wants to Be the Solar Sultan
If there’s one PSU that’s trying to rebrand itself faster than a startup after a bad Series A, it’sSJVN. Born asSatluj Jal Vidyut Nigam, the company made its name with roaring Himalayan rivers and a monopoly over gravity. But with India now chanting “renewable, renewable” like it’s the new Hanuman Chalisa, SJVN has been forced to swap its life jacket for solar panels.
Once content with hydro royalties, the company now wants to be everywhere —hydro dams in Himachal,thermal plants in Bihar,solar farms in Rajasthan, and evenpower trading across states. It’s like watching an old-school government officer start a YouTube channel: admirable, confusing, and occasionally electrifying.
The highlight? Their1,972 MWof hydropower capacity still forms the backbone, while494 MWof renewable capacity and1,320 MWunder thermal setup show diversification. But diversification comes at a price —debt,delays, anddisputes.
SJVN’s debt-to-equity ratio of1.91is now officially a “Hydro Loan.” Yet, despite the fiscal weightlifting, the company maintains98% of capacity under long-term PPAs, giving it a stable cash flow backbone that most renewable startups would sell their CFOs for.
But here’s the irony — the stock is down-22.8% YoY, despite India’s power demand soaring. Why? Because investors seem to suspect that SJVN’s balance sheet expansion might be powered more by loans than electrons.
3. Business Model – WTF Do They Even Do?
Let’s decode the hydra that isSJVN’s business model.
a) Hydro Power (Core)– The OG cash cow. Withthree operating projects(Nathpa Jhakri, Rampur, and Naitwar Mori) totaling1,972 MW, this segment still generates the bulk of SJVN’s revenue. However, it’s slow-growing — like your uncle’s scooter on a slope. Currently,four new hydro projects (1,558 MW)are under construction.
b) Renewable Energy (Ambitious Side Hustle)– Solar and wind together contribute494 MW, but another2,058 MWworth of solar projects are under development. Through its subsidiarySJVN Green Energy Ltd (SGEL), it’s building solar plants faster than PSU paperwork can travel between ministries.
c) Thermal Power (The Risky Cousin)– Because why not mix fossils with renewables? The1,320 MW Buxar Thermal Power Projecthas completed its first 660 MW trial run in November 2025. If all goes well, this project might generate more
heat in investor circles than in turbines.
d) Power Transmission (The Forgotten Line)– Transmission lines are like veins that no one appreciates. SJVN runs two operational lines and is developing a217-km corridorfor Nepal’sArun-3 project. You can say they’re literally “cross-border electrifying.”
e) Power Trading (The Small Print)– The firm has aCategory I power trading license, having traded78 Mn unitsin FY24. That’s roughly enough to power a couple of Indian towns — or one Ambani party.
So yes, they generate, transmit, and trade electricity while borrowing like there’s no tomorrow. In PSU terms, that’s diversification; in auditor terms, that’s “please explain your cash flow next quarter.”
4. Financials Overview
| Metric (₹ Cr) | Q2FY26 | Q2FY25 | Q1FY26 | YoY % | QoQ % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 1,032 | 1,026 | 917 | 0.6% | 12.5% |
| EBITDA | 860 | 828 | 707 | 3.8% | 21.6% |
| PAT | 308 | 440 | 228 | -30.2% | 35.1% |
| EPS (₹) | 0.78 | 1.12 | 0.58 | -30.3% | 34.5% |
At a73%+ OPM, SJVN’s core operations remain elite, but profit volatility is the new norm. Quarterly profits swing harder than a power line in a Himachal storm. EPS annualized at ₹3.12 gives aP/E of 26.6x normalized, versus the PSU pack’s 13–15x average — so the market’s clearly pricing in “renewable dreams,” not “hydro reality.”
5. Valuation Discussion – Fair Value Range Only
Method 1: P/E Approach
- Annualized EPS: ₹3.12
- Industry P/E range: 20–25 (NHPC, NTPC, JSW Energy comps)
- Fair Value = ₹3.12 × 20 → ₹62 | ₹3.12 × 25 → ₹78
Method 2: EV/EBITDA
- EV: ₹56,310 Cr
- EBITDA (FY25 TTM): ₹2,272 Cr
- EV/EBITDA = 24.8× (sector average ~15×)To normalize, fair EV = ₹2,272 × 15 = ₹34,080 CrFair Value ≈ ₹34,080 – ₹27,025 debt = ₹7,055 Cr equity ≈ ₹180/share → implies PSU optimism already priced in.
Method 3: DCF (Simplified)Assume:
- FCF: ₹2,483 Cr (FY25)
- Growth 6% for 5 years, 3% terminal
- Discount rate 10%Intrinsic range = ₹70–₹85/share
➡️ Educational Fair Value Range: ₹70–₹85/share
(This fair value range is for educational purposes only and is not investment advice.)
6. What’s Cooking – News, Triggers, Drama
The latest boardroom thali was spicy:
- OnNov 10, 2025, SJVN approved raising₹1,000 crore via securitisation of Nathpa Jhakri receivables. Basically, monetizing hydro cash flow to pay for new projects — like
